Unlike for bodies within the Solar System, there is no clearly established method for officially recognizing an exoplanet. Notes and additional planetary observationsġ inferred planet, 1 or possibly 2 inner debris discs, and an outer disc Ģ previous candidates replaced by a single-planet solution Ī debris disc, 1 disputed candidate Mercury, Earth and Jupiter (for comparison purposes)Įxoplanets believed to be potentially habitable Ĭonfirmed exoplanets Host star system Įxoplanets within 10 parsecs Key to colors The International Astronomical Union took a public survey known as NameExoWorlds in 2015 to assign proper names to some known extrasolar bodies, including the planets around Epsilon Eridani (10.5 ly) and Fomalhaut.
Several confirmed exoplanets are hypothesized to be potentially habitable, with Proxima Centauri b and Gliese 667 Cc (23.6 ly) considered among the most likely candidates. A majority are significantly larger than Earth, but a few have similar masses, including two planets (around YZ Ceti, 12 ly) which may be less massive than Earth. Most known nearby exoplanets orbit close to their stars. HD 219134 (21.6 ly) has six exoplanets, the highest number discovered for any star within this range. The closest exoplanet found is Proxima Centauri b, which was confirmed in 2016 to orbit Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Solar System (4.25 ly). The first report of an exoplanet within this range was in 1998 for a planet orbiting around Gliese 876 (15.3 light-years (ly) away), and the latest as of 2021 is one around Gliese 367 (31 ly). Among the over 400 known stars within 10 parsecs, around 60 have been confirmed to have planetary systems 51 stars in this range are visible to the naked eye, nine of which have planetary systems. Within 10 parsecs (32.6 light-years), there are 97 exoplanets listed as confirmed by the NASA Exoplanet Archive. There are 4,878 known exoplanets, or planets outside the Solar System that orbit a star, as of Decemonly a small fraction of these are located in the vicinity of the Solar System.
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